BAWKBAWN LEH SAMTAWK VEN NANA IPM

             

I. BAWKBAWK LEH SAMTAWK TICHHETUTE

A. India ram pum huapa bawkbawn leh samtawk eichhetu rannung, natna, thlai rulhut leh hnim langsar te.

1. Rannung

     (1) A tuihnang dawttu katnelh (Jassids)

     (2) A tuihnang dawttu hrik (Aphids)

     (3) Pangang, a zik leh a rah khertu (Shoot and fruit borer)

2. Natna

     (1) A hnah rau (Phomopsis blight)

     (2) A kung thi/vuai (Bacterial wilt)

     (3) A hnah te ( Little leaf of brinjal)

3. Thlai rulhut

     A zung tisawrbawktu (Root knot nematode)

4. Hnim:

     Hnim chi hrang tam tak a awm, hlawm thumah then a ni a, chung te chu hnah sin (di, thang etc.), phungladin (sedges), hnahbial, hnah hlai leh a zamchi te a ni.

B. MIZORAM ATANA BAWKBAWN LEH SAMTAWK EICHHETU RANNUNG NATNA LEH THLAI RULHUT

1. Rannung

     (1) A zik leh a rah khertu pangang (Shoot and fruit borer)

     (2) A hnah charkhawmtu pangang (Leaf webbing caterpiller)

     (3) A hnah khawrtu pangang (Leaf roller)

     (4) Tlumpi (Termites)

     (5) Maimawmte (Spider mites)

2. Natna

     (1) A hnah rau (Blight)

     (2) A hnah val (Cercorpora leaf spot)

     (3) A tiak thi (Damping off)

     (4) A hnah te (Little leaf)

3. Thlai rulhut

     A zung tisawrbawktu (Root knot nematode)

Source
Ziaktu : C. Lalnithanga, APPO
Bu hming : Loneitu Thian (IPM)
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Page 194-203

II. BAWKBAWN LEH SAMTAWK HMUNA RANNUNG NATNA LEH RANNUNG THA THLITHLAI

     1. Bawkbawn leh samtawk hmun tlawh thuak thuak:    Loneitute chuan anmahni bawkbawn leh samtawk hmun theuh an fang anga, eng ang rannungin nge bawkbawn leh samtawk chu eichhia a, eng ang natna in nge tlak buak tih leh eng ang rannungtha nge awm tih an thlithlai anga, rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi pawh an hman tlem phah ang.

     2. Thleng dar eng/puan ban:    Bawkbawn leh Samtawk hmunah thleng dar eng, a chhunglam tel/grease-a nuaimawm, hectare khatah 10 hun tur a ni a, rannung te tak te te (Whitefly, thrips) an tla khawm dawn a ni. Hetiang bawk hian a chuklakin hectare khatah hmun 10-ah puan ban thlun tur a ni, rannung te tak te te an tang dawn a ni.

     3. Bawkbawn leh samtawk zung tisawrbawktu thlai rulhut:     Thlai rulhut hian bawkbawn leh samtawk zung a tisawrbawk a, a chi dang (Reniform nematode) in a zung a tibawlhhlawh a, hei vang hian bawkbawn leh samtawk chu a thang theilo a, a rah tha thei bawk hek lo. Heng thlai rulhutte hi bawkbawn leh samtawk zunga an tui bawm (egg sacs) a awm ngei leh awm loh finfiah nan Trypan Blue rawng hman tur a ni. Bawkbawn/samtawk zung chu Trypan blue-ah an chiah a, thlai rulhut tui bawm chu a rawng a lo pawl (blue) anga, bawkbawn/samtawk zungah chuan eng rawng mah a kai lo ang.

     4. Bawkbawn/samtawk eichhetu rannung hlauhawm chin (ETL):     ETL chu bawkbawn/samtawk ven nan rannung thahna hlo kah a ngaih dawn leh dawn loh hriat nan a pawimawh a ni. Bawkbawn/samtawk eichhetu rannung chu an lo inthlahpun a, ETL an thlen dawn chuan loneitu chuan rannung suat dan kawng a dap tur a ni. Bawkbawn/Samtawk hnah dawttu rannung te tak te te katnelh (leat' hopper) tana ETL chu:- a hnah pakhata katnelh 2.5 a awmin a ni.

III. BAWKBAWN LEH SAMTAWK VENNANA IPM HMAN TURTE

A. Loneitu thiam sa:

     1. Bawkbawn leh samtawk kung, a tualto (a hli) chu pawha, halral tur a ni, a rah seng hnuah a kung ro etc. te paihfai vek tur a ni. Bawkbawn leh Samtawk chi tha chauh hman tur a ni.

     2. Bawkbawn leh Samtawk chin zawha French bean chin hian Bawkbawn vuai/thi natna (wilt) a tlem duh. Bawkbawn chin zawh a faisa or wheat chin hian thlai rulhut a tlem duh. Bawkbawn/Samtawk leh Derhken or Purunsen or Purunvar chin hian thlai rulhut a tlem thei a ni.

     3. Lei a awm natna hrik (Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia) laka bawkbawn/samtawk tiak a him theih nan a kuina (nursery) chu khap khat vela tihsan tur a ni. (Huih pawn tur a ni).

     4. A kuina (nursery) chu a chi theh hmain, lei lehphut hnuah tui leih hnawng ila, chu chu sarang (polythene) langtlang theiin ni 15-21 chhung khuh ila, a sir chu phui takin leiin vur kual vek ila, ni sain a em anga, a chhung chu a thlan dup ang a, a hu chu a sa em em a, chu chuan leia awm natna hrik, thlairulhut, rannung leh hnim chi te a tihlum vek thei a ni. Hetianga tih zawh hian bawkbawn/samtawk chi chu theh chauh tur a ni.

     5. Nipui laia thuk deuh hleka lei leh hian hnim chi, a bul bal, rannung leh natna hrik te ni sain a em hlum thei a ni.

     6. Bawkbawn/Samtawk zik leh a rah khertu pangang a tlem theih nan a mamawh tawk aia tam Urea leh DAP pek loh tur a ni. (Thlai hi a no that lutuk chuan pangangin an ei duh bik a ni)

     7. Bawkbawn/Samtawk tiak chu a hun takah, a inkar hlat lam dik takah phun tur a ni. A mamawh tawk chiah fertilizer pek tur a ni. Tichuan a thangtha anga, hnim aiin a thang chak anga, hnim a dip thei zawk dawn a ni.

B. Hmanraw dang hman

     1. Rannung (pangang) tui te, pangang te leh rannung awm apiang a tam thei ang ber mana, vuakhlum tur a ni.

     2. A zik thi, pangangin a kher a rah leh a rah tawih te lakkhawma paihfai tur a ni. Rannung te deuh man nan Thleng dar eng, tel/grease a nuaimawm hectare khatah hmun 10 ah hun tur a nia, puanban pawh hectare khatah hmun 10 ah thlun tur a ni.

     3. Pangang a tlem theih nan a rah tawih leh pangang kher chhiatte chharkhawma, leia phum tur a ni.

     4. Bawkbawn/Samtawk Phun atanga kar 4-6 chhung chu a hmun fai taka thlawh tur a ni.

C. Rannung tha leh hrik tha hman tangkai:

1. Humhalh: Heng rannung tha, bawkbawn/samtawk hmuna awmte hi humhalh tur a ni a,a pawng a takin rannung thahna hlo kah mai mai loh tur a ni.

          (a) Pangang eitu rannungthate:- Pristomerus testaceus, Cremastus flavoorbitalis, Bracon greeni, Phanerotoma sp, Campyloneura sp.

          (b) Bawkbawn hrik (Aphids) eitu atan Aphidius sp

     2. Heng bakah hian Maimawm, Daidep, Daidepria, Khuavanglamdar, Syrphids, Carabids te hi rannung mana chaw atana ei thin ho an ni.

     3. Heng rannung tha leh tangkai ho humhalh nan chuan a pawng a takin rannung thahna hlo hi kah mai mai loh tur a ni.

     4. Bawkbawn/Samtawk hmun hual velin behlawi or be leh chana lam chi chin hi rannung tha ho inthlahpun nan a tangkai hle a ni.

     5. Bawkbawn/Samtawk hmun hectare khat a zauah, a chuklakin, sava fukna 50 Phun tur a ni. Sava hian bawkbawn/Samtawk hmuna pangang awm an chuk dawn a ni.

2. Rannungtha khawi puna bawkbawn/samtawk hmuna chhuah:

          (a) Hectare khata zau, bawkbawn/samtawk hmunah Trichogramma chilonis 50,000 (Trichocard -3) kar khat dan zelah tum thum chhuah tur a ni a, hei hi bawkbawn/samtawk zik leh a rah khertu pangang suat nan a ni, lungphurthlahtu tui a tichhe dawn a ni.

          (b) Hectare khatah, pangang suat nan Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki, 500gm khah tur a ni (@ 1 gm leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh hisapin)

          (c) Bawkbawn/Samtawk hrik (Aphids) suattu atan Chrysoperlacarnea, kung khatah pangang tha pakhat zel hisapin chhuah tur a ni.

          (d) Theh/tuh hmain bawkbawn/samtawk chi 100gm leh Trichoderma virideÆ harzianum 2gm nuai pawlh tur a ni a, hei hian leia natna hrik lo awmsa lakah a chi a veng dawn a ni (T. viriden.harzianum hi siamsa hman tur a ni a, chalk phut ang chiah hi a ni a thla 6 chhung a dam).

D. Thlai/thingrah atang siam rannung suatna hlo

     1. Neem rah mu densawm tui (NSKE) siam tur a ni. Neem rah mu var densawm 1kg chu nileng leh zankhuain 1litre tui ah chiah tur a ni a. A tukah vaipuan nemin a tui chu sawr tur a ni. A tui sawr chu Neem rah mu tui fir (NSKE) chu a ni. Chutiang a fir 5ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlhin bawkbawn/ samtawk chu kah tur a ni. Tichuan neem rah tuisawr-a bawkbawn/samtawk kah chu pangang leh rannung dangin an ei duh lo anga, an kian san mai dawn a ni.

     2. Bawkbawn/Samtawk hmun hectare khatah Neem cake (A hriak sawrna fe) 200kg chu lei lehphut tawh hnuah, a tiak Phun dawnah theh darh tur a ni. Hei hian thlai rulhut lakah bawkbawn/samtawk a veng dawn a ni.

E. Rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi kah/hman

     1. Rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi chu a tawpah, a tul tawpkhawk hunah chauh hman/kah tur a ni. Bawkbawn/Samtawk eichhetu rannungin a hlauhawm chin ETL an thlen chauhin rannung thahna hlo hi kah tur a ni. Chutiang bawk chuan natna in thlai a tlakbuak nasat dawn chauhin damdawi(fungicides/bactericides) kah tur a ni

     2. Tuh hmain bawkbawn/samtawk chi 100gm leh Carbendazim 2gm nuaipawlh tur a ni a, hei hian thlai chi-a natna hrik lo awmsa leh leia natna hrik lakah a chi chu a veng dawn a ni.

     3. Bawkbawn/Samtawk hnaha val thliah thliah (natna) ven nan Mancozeb @ 3gm leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh-a bawkbawn/samtawk chu kah tur a ni.

     4. Bawkbawn/Samtawk vuai leh thi natna (Bacterial wilt) laka ven nan a tiak Phun hmain lei lehphut vek tawh, hectare khatah Bleaching Powder 15kg theh darh tur a ni.

     5. Thlai rulhut leh a dawttu suat nan Hectare khatah Carbofuran 3G chu 13kg bawkbawn/samtawk tiak phun hnuah leiah theh tur a ni.

     6. A tul chuan Dimethoate 35EC @2ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh, a bawkbawn/samtawk kah tur a ni.

     7. Bawkbawn/Samtawk tiak chu dim takin pawha, a zung silfai tur a ni a, Phun dawnah a zung chu Dimethoate 2ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh (mamawh tam dan azirin siam belh ni se)-ah darkar 6 chhung chiah tur a ni a, hei hian bawkbawn/samtawk dawttu rannung lakah leh a hnah te (little leaf) natna thehdarhtu rannung lakah a veng dawn a ni.

     8. Hnim suat nan, lei lehphut vek tawh, bawkbawn/samtawk tiak phun hmain Fluchoralin @4ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh-in lei chu kah tur a ni a, kah zawh veleh lei nen rih pawlh lehnghal tur a ni.

     9. Bawkbawn/Samtawk kuina (nursery)-ah a chi tuh hmain Carbofuran 3G theh thet thet tur a ni.

IV. BAWKBAWN LEH SAMTAWK THAN DAN ANG ZELA IPM HMAN

Sl.No
Bawkbawn/ Samtawk len lam
Rannung/ Natna/ thlairulhut/ Hnim
IPM
1 A chi theh hma/ tuh hma 1) Leia rannung awm

2) Thlai rulhut

3) Tlumpi

1) Nipui laiin thuk deuhhleka lei lehphuta, nisa emtir tur

2) A chi kui na (nursery) ah a chi theh hmain Carbofuran 3G theh tur, Metre khat bial a 0.6 theh tur

3) Tlumpi lah rannung dang suat nan a chi kuina lei chu chlorpyriphos @ 10ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur.

2 A chi leh a tiak 1) Thlai rulhut

2) Leia awm natna

3) A hnah ei pana, ei rangtu, satel ang tak, keltelaimawm bial. (Hadda beetle)

4) Hnim chi hrang hrang

5) A tuihnang dawttu Aphids, Jassids, Mites

1) Hectare khatah Neem cake 200kg, lei lehphut hnuah theh darh tur a ni.

2) A chi kuina thehtiah (nursery) chu khap khata sanga siam (huihpawn) tur a ni. Urea leh DAP a mamawh tawk aia tam pek loh tur a ni (pek tam chuan a zik leh a rah khertu pangang a tam duh bik)

3) A hnah ei rantu, satel ang tak, keltelaimawm bial leh a note (grub)chu a theih anga tam vaia/mana, hmeh hlum tur a ni.

4) Dimethoate 35EC @2ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur

5) Carbaryl @3gm leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur.

6) A inhlat dan tur dik takah a tiak Phun tur, fertilizer a mamawh tawh chiah Phun niin pek tur, Phun zawh atanga Kar 4-6 chhung chu fai taka hnim thlawh tur

7) Chrysoerla note (grub)chu bawkbawn/ samtawk kung 1 ah pakhat zel hisapin chhuah tur.

8) Neem rah mu densawm tui (NSKE) @5m1 leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah

9) Maimawmte (mites) suat nan Dicofol @4mlleh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur.

3 A than duan lai/ A than chak lai 1) A zik leh a rah khertu pangang

2) Hnim chi hrang hrang

3) Satel ang tak keltelaimawm bial

4) A tuihnang dawttu (aphids, hopper, mites)

5) A kung vuai/thi (bacterial wilt)

1) A zik vuai apiang sihchhum a, halral tur.

2) Kar khat danah, vawi-5, Trichogramma chilonis, hectare khatah 50,000 (Trichocard 3) chhuah tur.

3) Phunsawn atanga ni 4-6 chhung chu fai taka hnim thlawh tur.

4) A hmalama tarlan tawh angin keltelaimawm bial, a tuihnang dawttu leh maimawmte suat nan rannungthahnahlo kah tur.

5) A kung thi pawha, hal ral tur

6) Hectare khatah Bleaching Powder 15kg thehdarh tur, a nih loh pawhin tui pek tur nen pawlh tur ani.

4 A par atanga a rah thleng 1)A zik leh a rah khertu pangang

2) Satel ang, keltelabial

3) A tuihnang dawttu (aphids,leaf hopper mites)

4) A kung vuai/thi

1) A zik thi sih chhuma halral

2) Trichogranvna chilonis a hma ami ang khan chhuah

3) keltelaimawm bial, a tui hnang dawttu leh maimawm te chu a hma ami angin rannungthahnahlo kapin suat tur

4) Dimethoate @2ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur

5) A kung vuai leh thi chu pawha, halral tur

V. CHAWHMEH CHI THLAI VEN NANA IPM HMAN CHUNGCHANGA TIH TUR LEH TIH LOH TUR

TIH TUR
TIHLOH TUR
1)    Nipui lai ni sat that Iaiin thuk deuh hleka lei lehphut tur, nisaah kar 2-3 chhung pho tur. 1)    Lei lehphut sa chu hrul bel/mam loh tur, tui pek loh tur, hnim zung, a bulbal Chu nisaa phoro tur.
2)    Thlai chi tha, thar hlawk chauh chin tur 2)    I thlai hmun millo leh tha theilo thlai chu ching suh.
3)    A hmalamin a chi tuh/thlak/kui rawh 3)    A chi tuh/theh tlai suh, natna a tam duh a, rannung a nghal duh a, a bikin vual a nghal duh.
4)    Thlai chi chu tuh/kui hmain natna laka venna damdawi or Trichoderma nen nuaipawlh tur. 4)    Damdawi or Trichoderma sp nena nuaipawlh hmasa lo chuan a chi tuh/kui loh tur.
5)    A than that nan lei hnawn hunah a tlarin tuh tur a ni a, a tiak phun bawk tur a ni. A chi tuh thuk tur a ni lo. 5)    Thlai chi chu 5-7cm aia thuka tuh loh tur.
6)    Hnim tur chu thlai chi tuh hnu lawkah, thlai leh hnim tiah hmain kah tur a ni. 6)    Hnim tur chu thlai leh hnim tiah hnuah kah Ioh tur, a sawt tawh loh bakah thlai tiakin a thih phah thei.
7)    Lei lehphut tawh, thlai chi thlak hmaakah chi hnim tur-Fluchloralin chu kah zawh veleh lei nen chawhpawlh/rihvur nghal tur. 7)    Hnim tur -Fluchloralin kah zawh veleha rihvur/lei nena chawhpawlh chu theihnghilh miah loh tur a ni.
8)    Hnim tur hman tur chu tui nen pawlh tur zat dik tak nen, a kah hun dik takah a kah na hmur (nozzle)-Flood fan/Flood jet hmanga kah tur. 8)    Hnim leh thlai tiah hmaa kah chi hnimtur leh thlai chi tuh hmaa leia kah chi hnim tur chu lei ro ah kah loh tur.
9)    Thlai tiak a hrisel nan ngun taka enkawl tur, tichuan hnim aiin a thang chak anga, hnim a dip zawk dawn a ni. 9)    Tui tlachhamin thlai chu siam loh tur. A hun takah tui pek tur.
10)    Urea, DAP MOP chu thlai mamawh tawk chauh pek tur. 10)    Fertilizer inbuktawklo pek loh tur.
11)    Thlai tiah hnu, a par hmain leitha tenau chawhpawlh (micronutrient mixture) kah tur. 11)   Leitha tenau leh fertilizer chawh pawlh loh tur a ni a, leiah pawh theh loh tur.
12)    Kar tin zing lam dar 9:00Am hmain AESA tia thlai hmun tlawh ziah tur. 12)    Duh hun hunah rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi kah mai mai loh tur
13)    A hun takah pheromone thang kam tur. 13)    Pheromone thanga vuah thin, rannung hiptu, rimtui bawm (Lures) chu refregirator ah dah that tur, bawm naranah dah mai mai loh tur.
14)    Pheromone thanga lungphur- thlahtu man tam dan azirin rannung-tha leh hrik tha leh tangkai thlai hmunah chhuah tur. 14)    Rannungtha chhuah atanga ni 7 chhung chu thlai hmunah rannung- thahna hlo kah loh tur.
15)    Thlai eichhetu rannung tui leh pangang hmuh hmasak ber atangin Helicoverpa NPV, Spodoptera NPV chu a hman tur zat dik tak kah tur. 15)    Rannung thahna hlo kahna bur (Sprayer) chu Hrik tangkai kah nan hman loh tur a ni.Hnim tur kahna bur pawh thil dang kah nan hman loh tur a ni.

Download